There were two men standing on a street.
One says: “I have 3 daughters; the product of their ages is 36.”
The other says: “I need more information.”
First adds: “The sum of their ages is equal to the house number across the street.”
Second still needs more information.
Then the first says: “My oldest daughter wears a red dress.”
What is the age of the oldest daughter?
Solution
Triples with product $36$:
$(1,1,36),(1,2,18),(1,3,12),(1,4,9),(1,6,6),(2,2,9),(2,3,6),(3,3,4)$
Only sums that repeat are $13$: $(1,6,6)$ and $(2,2,9)$.
Since there is a unique oldest daughter, ages must be $(2,2,9)$.